Which component of the cell organelles principally performs the function of packaging materials, to be delivered either to the intra-cellular targets or secreted outside the cell?

The correct answer is Golgi Apparatus.

Key Points

• Golgi Apparatus:
  • The Golgi apparatus has multiple names such as the Golgi complex or Golgi body.
  • The name is given on the name of the scientist, who discovered the organelle, i.e. Camillo Golgi.
  • It is found in all eukaryotic cells, plants as well as animals.
  • They are membrane-bound organelles present in the cytosol of the cell.
  • The Golgi body comprises 5 to 8-cup-shaped, series of compartments known as cisternae. Cisternae is a flattened, disk-shaped, stacked pouches that make up the Golgi apparatus. A Golgi stack mostly contains 4 to 8 cisternae. However, ~60 cisternae are found in some protists. A mammalian cell contains ~40 to 100 stacks of cisternae.
  • Animal cells generally contain around 10 to 20 Golgi stacks per cell, which are connected by tubular connections.
  • The Golgi complex is mostly found near the nucleus.

Additional Information

• Mitochondria.
  • The number of mitochondria in a single cell may be up to 50 to 5000.
  • The inner lumen of mitochondria contains ribosome phosphate particles and DNA molecules.
  • It has the potential to synthesize its own protein and oxidation of carbohydrates and fats are taken place with the help of enzymes in mitochondria.
  • This energy is stored in the form of ATP ( Adenosine Triphosphate ) so, these are known as the "Powerhouse of the cell".​
• Chloroplast:
  • The chloroplast is a double membrane-bound cell organelle.
  • Out of the two membranes, the inner membrane is relatively less permeable. (the outer membrane contains porins).
  • The space limited by the inner membrane is called the stroma.
  • Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments which are responsible for trapping of light energy essential for photosynthesis.
  • The majority of chloroplasts are found in the mesophyll cells of the leaves.

• Chromosomes
  • Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells.
  • Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
  • Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.