Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the comparison between Avalanche and Zener effect?

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ESE Electronics Prelims 2021 Official Paper
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  1. Zener effect is caused by impact ionization.
  2. Zener diodes have higher resistance.
  3. Avalanche effect occurs at voltages  usually above 7 V.
  4. Avalanche diodes have lower resistance.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Avalanche effect occurs at voltages  usually above 7 V.
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Detailed Solution

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Option c is correct

Zener effect is caused by direct rupture of covalent bonds due to the external reverse bias electric field at the junction and also due to tunneling.

Zener diode is formed between heavily doped p and n-type semiconductors, so resistance is less.

Avalanche diode is the junction between lightly doped p and n-type semiconductors. So it has high resistance.

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