The Police Act of 1861 was enacted based on the recommendations of the police commission headed by___________

The correct answer is H.M. Court.

Key Points

• The Police Act of 1861 was enacted based on the recommendations of the Police Commission, which was headed by H.M. Court.
• The Act was introduced following the First War of Independence in 1857 to reorganize the police forces in British India and strengthen colonial control.
• It established a uniform police system across provinces, focusing on law enforcement and maintaining public order.
• The Act laid down the hierarchical structure of the police, including roles such as Inspector General, Superintendent, and constables.
• Even today, the Police Act of 1861 forms the foundation of police administration in many states of India, despite calls for modernization.

Additional Information

• Police Commission of 1860:
  • It was established to address issues in law enforcement after the 1857 uprising.
  • Headed by H.M. Court, its focus was on strengthening colonial control and developing a disciplined police force.
• Key Features of the Police Act, 1861:
  • The Act centralized the control of police forces under provincial governments.
  • It introduced a structured hierarchy of police officials to ensure efficiency.
  • Police officers were granted powers to investigate, arrest, and maintain law and order.
• Legacy of the Police Act:
  • The Act is criticized for its colonial approach, focusing more on control than community policing.
  • Several reforms have been suggested to modernize the police system, including the Model Police Act, 2006.
• Modern Police Reforms:
  • In India, committees like the National Police Commission (1977-81) have proposed reforms to address systemic issues in policing.
  • Recommendations include better training, accountability, and community engagement.