Chemistry in Everyday Life MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Chemistry in Everyday Life - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Jam.

Key Points

• Sugar is commonly used in food processing and preservation, and one of its primary uses is in making jam.
• In the preparation of jam, sugar acts as both a sweetener and a preservative, allowing the jam to be stored for long periods without spoiling.
• Jam is made by cooking fruit with sugar, and in this process, sugar helps in the gel formation, which is essential for the jam to set properly.
• Jam can be made from various fruits, such as strawberries, raspberries, and mangoes, and sugar is the key ingredient that contributes to its flavor and texture.
• Besides jam, sugar is also used in a wide variety of other food products such as cakes, beverages, and candies, but in the context of this question, it is specifically linked to making jam.

Additional Information

• Preserving Food with Sugar
  • Sugar is widely used in the preservation of fruits and vegetables, particularly in the making of jams and jellies.
  • By helping fruits to release their pectin and sugars, sugar allows jams and jellies to thicken and set properly.
  • Along with being a preservative, sugar also enhances the natural flavors of the fruits used in jams.

Concept :

• The number of water molecules present is 'washing soda' is 10.
• We know the molecular formula for Washing Soda is Na₂CO₃.10H₂O.
• Recrystallisation of Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃) gives washing soda.
• In a Washing soda, water is present in the form of crystals.

Hence we can conclude that 10 water molecules are present in one formula unit of Washing Soda.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sodium azide.

• The driver-side airbag is a container containing about 50 grams of sodium azide.
  • The passenger side container holds about 200 grams of sodium azide.
  • Because vehicles change speed so quickly in an accident, airbags must inflate rapidly to reduce the risk of the occupant hitting the vehicle's interior.

Key Points

• The propellant used in most airbags is a combination of sodium azide (NaN₃) and potassium nitrate (KNO₃).
• When these two chemical compounds react, they burn rapidly and produce the nitrogen gas that fills the bag.

Additional Information

• Airbags are passive safety features designed to mitigate or prevent injuries among drivers and passengers in the event of a crash.
  • Airbags provide added protection to seatbelts.
  • For example, in higher-speed crashes, a seatbelt alone may not prevent a driver’s head from hitting the steering column.
• The deployment of an airbag protects the head and upper body of the driver and reduces some of the force exerted on the driver by the seatbelt.
• Airbags are useful whenever you experience a sudden reduction in speed. 
• Airbag systems are composed of three basic parts: the bag itself, the inflator unit, and the crash sensor. The bag and inflator are contained together in the airbag module.
• Most often, the sensor is located in the passenger compartment of a vehicle and towards the front, so if a crash occurs it is quickly detected.

The correct answer is Kevlar.

Key Points

• Kevlar is the most commonly used material as armour for protection against bullets used in handguns because of its impact resistance, high strength, and low weight.
• These properties make kevlar an ideal material to be used in bullet-proof vests as compared to other materials.
• Kevlar is a synthetic material known for its high strength and resistance to impact, heat, and chemicals.
• It was developed by Stephanie Kwolek in 1965 while she was working at DuPont, a chemical company.
• Kevlar is a type of aramid fibre, which is a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibres.
• Uses of Kevlar:
  • Aerospace: Kevlar is used in the construction of aircraft and spacecraft, where its lightweight and high-strength properties are valuable.
  • Sporting Goods: It's used in the production of sporting equipment such as helmets, gloves, and bicycle tyres.
  • Industrial Applications: Kevlar is employed in conveyor belts, hoses, and cables for its durability and resistance to abrasion.
  • Marine: Kevlar composites can be used in boat hulls for their strength and impact resistance

The correct answer is Na2CO3.

Key Points

• The sodium compound is used for softening hard water. Washing soda or sodium carbonate is used for removing the permanent hardness of the water.
• Washing soda has a chemical formula Na₂CO₃.10H2O.
• It binds calcium and magnesium molecules in water.
• Water can be softened by adding sodium carbonate (washing soda) or bypassing the water through an ion-exchange column.
• For large-scale municipal operations, a process known as the lime-soda process is used to remove Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ from the water supply.
•  

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sodium carbonate.

Explanation:

• Washing soda is a chemical compound with the formula Na2CO3, known as sodium carbonate, and it's a salt of carbonic acid.
• Properties of a Washing soda:
  • It is a transparent crystalline solid.
  • It is one of the few metal carbonates which are soluble in water.
  • It is alkaline with a pH level of 11, it turns red litmus to blue.
  • It has detergent properties or cleansing properties because it can remove dirt and grease from dirty clothes, etc.
  • It attacks dirt and grease to form water-soluble products, which are then washed away on rinsing with water.

Important Points

Some common chemical compounds with their common names are:

The correct answer is Lactic Acid.

Key Points

• Lactic acid is present in Sour milk or curd.
• The sourness of the milk is due to the presence of lactic acid.
• Human beings feel tired due to the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles.​

Additional Information

The correct answer is carbohydrates.

Key Points

• An iodine test is used to check the presence of carbohydrates.
• Carbohydrates are organic compounds in which the ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen is 1: 2: 1.
• Carbohydrates are classified into three major groups:
  • Monosaccharides
  • Oligosaccharides
  • Polysaccharides
• In the iodine test if the sample contains carbohydrates then the sample turns blue-black in colour with a few drops of a potassium iodide solution.

Additional Information

• Proteins are tested using the Biuret test for proteins. 
• Tests to determine fats are the Acrolein test, Baudouin test, and Hubble's test.

Explanation:

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is known as ‘Caustic Soda’.
• Some common chemical compounds with their common names are:

The correct answer is Lithium. 

Explanation:

• Group I elements are called alkali metals because they dissolve in water to form soluble hydroxides.
• To prevent Group I elements from reacting with water moisture in the air they are kept in kerosene oil.
  • Example: Sodium, Potassium.
• But Lithium is the lightest metal and it floats above the kerosene surface and reacts with atmospheric oxygen or moisture.

So, Lithium is kept in wax.

The correct answer is Antipyretic.

• Antipyretic is a drug that reduces fever.
  • Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override a prostaglandin-induced increase in temperature.
  • The body then works to lower the temperature, which results in a reduction in fever. 

Additional Information

• Barbiturates are a type of central nervous system (CNS) depressant used to treat insomnia, seizures, and headaches​.
• Antiseptic slows or stops the growth of micro-organisms on external surfaces of the body and helps to prevent infections.
• Antibiotics include a range of powerful drugs that kill bacteria or slow their growth. 
  • They treat bacterial infections. 

The Correct Answer is Baking Soda.

• Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃) or sodium bicarbonate:
  • Sodium bicarbonate is commonly known as baking soda.
  • Sodium bicarbonate in baking soda quickly neutralizes stomach acid.
  • Sodium bicarbonate is a white crystalline solid.
  • It is used in baking products like cakes, cookies, etc.

Additional Information

• Gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O):
  • Gypsum is a common sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate.
  • Gypsum is widely used in the manufacture of wallboard, cement, plaster of Paris, etc.
• Washing Soda:
  • It is commonly known as Na₂CO₃ or sodium carbonate.
  • It is used in the softening of hard water.
  • It is commonly used as a cleaning agent for domestic purposes.
  • It is also used in the manufacturing of paper, soap, textiles, paints, etc.
• Calcium Hydroxide:
  • It is the chemical formula for Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).
  • It is also known as slaked lime.
  • It is used in sewage treatment, paper production, and food processing, etc.

Explanation:

Uses of metal & non-metals in daily life:

Metals:

• Metals are used in making machinery, automobiles, aeroplanes, trains, satellites, industrial gadgets, cooking utensils, water boilers, etc. 

Non-metals:

• Non-metal is essential for our life which all living beings inhale during breathing (Oxygen).
• Non-metals used in fertilisers to enhance the growth of plants (Nitrogen, Ammonia etc.)
• Non-metal used in water purification process (Potash alum).
• Non-metal used in the purple coloured solution which is applied on wounds (Iodine) as an antiseptic called a tincture. When this solution is applied on the wound, it sterilizes the wound and makes it free from microbial infection and thus prevent the wound from being infected.
• Non-metals used in crackers (Sulphur, phosphorous etc.).

Concept:

Biogas: The mixture of gases that are produced due to the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen is called biogas.

• The major constituent of biogas is Methane and Carbon dioxide while some traces of H2S and ammonia are also there.
• It is released when the Cow, Buffalo, and Pig manure is processed Anaerobically i.e. in the absence of Oxygen.
• Biogas can be used for Space Heating, Generation of Electricity, Fuel for Cooking, etc

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG): it is composed of compressed Methane and Ethane.

• It can be used in place of gasoline, diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

Explanation:

• The main constituent of both Biogas and CNG is Methane.
• So the correct option is Methane.

Note: Biogas is a Clean Renewable Energy Source and even it is Economically Friendly.

Additional Information

Methane is commonly known as Marsh Gas.

• Methane is the hydrocarbon having the lowest molecular mass with the chemical formula CH4.
• It is called Marsh gas because it is released in huge amounts from marshes where anaerobic bacteria decompose matter.
• It was discovered by Alessandro Volta in 1776.
• It is the main constituent of Biogas and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG).
• It is a Greenhouse gas and its global warming potential is 28 - 36 times as that of CO2.
• Paddy fields are also a huge source of Methane emissions.

The correct answer is Chlorine.

Key Points

• Chlorine kills pathogens such as bacteria and viruses by breaking the chemical bonds in their molecules.
  • Disinfectants that are used for this purpose consist of chlorine compounds which can exchange atoms with other compounds, such as enzymes in bacteria and other cells.
  • When enzymes come in contact with chlorine, one or more of the hydrogen atoms in the molecule are replaced by chlorine.
  • This causes the entire molecule to change shape or fall apart.
  • When enzymes do not function properly, a cell or bacterium will die.
  • Chlorine effectively kills a large variety of microbial waterborne pathogens, including those that can cause typhoid fever, dysentery, cholera and Legionnaires' disease. 

Additional Information

• Bromine is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. Bromine is used in many areas such as agricultural chemicals, dyestuffs, insecticides, pharmaceuticals and chemical intermediates.
• Iodine is an essential mineral commonly found in seafood.
• A colourless, odourless gas Nitrogen is important to the chemical industry.
  • It is used to make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives.
  • To make these products, nitrogen must first be reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia.