In which year did the Constitution (99th) Amendment Act come into force?

The correct answer is 2015.

Key Points

• The Constitution (99th) Amendment Act, 2014, came into force on 13th April 2015.
• This amendment established the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) for the appointment and transfer of judges to the higher judiciary in India.
• It aimed to replace the collegium system with a more transparent and accountable mechanism.
• However, the NJAC was later struck down by the Supreme Court of India in October 2015, declaring it unconstitutional.

Important Points

• The NJAC was introduced to ensure transparency and accountability in the appointment of judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts.
• The NJAC Act and the Constitutional Amendment Act were challenged in the Supreme Court, leading to the revival of the collegium system.
• The collegium system, which consists of senior judges of the Supreme Court, continues to function as the mechanism for judicial appointments.