Which one of the following cell organelles contains catalase enzyme ?

The correct answer is Peroxisome

Explanation:

• Cell organelles are specialized subunits within a cell that perform specific functions necessary for cellular processes.
• The peroxisome is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells, primarily involved in oxidative metabolism.
• Catalase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in breaking down hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) into water and oxygen, thus protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).

​Peroxisome:

• Peroxisomes are small, spherical organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
• They contain oxidase enzymes that produce hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct of various metabolic reactions, such as the breakdown of fatty acids through β-oxidation.
• The catalase enzyme, present in peroxisomes, detoxifies hydrogen peroxide by converting it into water and oxygen, preventing cellular damage.
• This organelle plays a significant role in lipid metabolism, detoxification of harmful substances, and maintaining redox balance in the cell.

Other Options (Incorrect):

• Spherosome: Spherosomes are single-membrane-bound organelles found in plant cells. They are involved in the storage and synthesis of lipids 
• Glyoxysome: Glyoxysomes are specialized peroxisomes found in plant cells, particularly in germinating seeds. They are involved in the glyoxylate cycle, which converts stored lipids into carbohydrates for energy during germination
• Lysosome: Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes responsible for breaking down cellular waste and macromolecules. They play a role in autophagy and recycling cellular components.