Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list

List I	List II
a. Topographical survey	1. To obtain data for carrying out any of the projects.
b. Geodetic survey	2. To show the boundaries of fields, buildings, etc.
c. Engineering survey	3. To furnish the data for size and shape of the earth.
d. Cadastral survey	4. To show natural features of the country such as rivers, hills, lakes, roads, bridges, etc.

Explanation:

Topographical Survey

• This survey aims to represent the natural and man-made features of a region, such as rivers, hills, roads, lakes, and bridges.

• It records elevations and contours, allowing creation of maps that reflect the terrain accurately.

• Used in mapping, land development, route planning, and environmental studies.

• Tools include total stations, theodolites, GPS, and drones for aerial photogrammetry.

Geodetic Survey

• Conducted over large areas, this survey accounts for the earth’s curvature and is used for establishing global and national control points.

• It helps in determining the precise shape and size of the Earth, using triangulation and satellite data.

• Utilized in creating reference frameworks for all other types of surveys.

• Instruments include GNSS receivers, satellite imagery, and high-precision theodolites.

 Additional InformationEngineering Survey

• Performed to collect data necessary for planning, designing, and executing engineering projects like highways, railways, dams, and canals.

• It involves reconnaissance, preliminary, and detailed surveys depending on project stage.

• Provides information on horizontal and vertical alignment, ground profiles, and structures.

• Key tools: levels, total stations, GPS, and surveying software like AutoCAD Civil 3D.

Cadastral Survey

• This survey deals with property boundaries, land ownership, and legal documentation for land registration and taxation.

• Produces maps showing individual plots, field boundaries, buildings, and other fixed features.

• Essential for resolving property disputes, creating land records, and issuing land titles.

• Techniques involve chain surveying, plane table, and now digital cadastral mapping using GIS.